A) random B) manufacture C) semantic D) episodic E) past F) future G) observe
Beyond tool manufacture, corvids possess what psychologists call "episodic memory"—the ability to recall specific past events, including what happened, where, and when. In a landmark study at the University of Cambridge, scrub jays ( Aphelocoma californica ) cached food in two distinct locations. They learned that one type of food perished quickly while the other remained edible. When recovering their caches later, the jays preferentially searched for the durable food first, ignoring the perishable item. This indicates they mentally traveled back in time to encode the what-where-when of their caching. A) random B) manufacture C) semantic D) episodic
Paragraph A → (No direct match in this sample – often general intro) Paragraph B → iv Paragraph C → v Paragraph D → iii Paragraph E → i When recovering their caches later, the jays preferentially
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5. B (manufacture) 6. D (episodic) 7. E (past)