In the Western literary canon, the “tortured author” archetype is usually filled by the likes of Edgar Allan Poe, Sylvia Plath, or Franz Kafka. But in Japan—and increasingly globally—one name rises from the depths of post-war despair to claim that crown: Osamu Dazai .

Consider his masterpiece, No Longer Human (Ningen Shikkaku). The protagonist, Yozo Oba, claims he cannot understand human beings. He says he is a fraud. Most readers take this at face value. But a closer, more literary reading reveals Dazai’s genius: Yozo is lying to himself.

Start with The Flowers of Buffoonery (to see his range), then go to No Longer Human . Underline every line where he makes you laugh. You’ll realize: Dazai was playing 4D chess while everyone else played checkers. Do you agree that Osamu Dazai is a better author than his reputation? Share your thoughts in the comments below.